Las estaciones de servicio
Las estaciones de servicio es uno de los negocios más antiguos y más rentables de la historia, a medida que ha pasado el tiempo, el diseño de negocio ha evolucionado incorporando nuevas unidades de negocio.
Una estación de servicio, gasolinera o servicentro, cómo son comúnmente llamada, principalmente son un punto de venta de combustible y lubricantes para vehículos de motor.
Existen algunas estaciones de servicio que tienen a la venta otros combustibles alternativos como el GLP o gas licuado del petróleo, gas natural, gas natural comprimido o GNC, etanol, el biodiésel y ahora recién incorporados los puntos de carga para vehículos eléctricos.
¿Qué debo hacer para tener una estación de servicio?
Para tener una estación de servicio hay una serie de requisitos y aspectos que cumplir.
- Idear un proyecto con bases reales de la inversión que se desea hacer.
- Determinar si legalmente figurara como autónomo o se creara una sociedad fiscal.
- Obtener un terreno o parcela propio o en condición de alquiler, este debe acogerse al plan de urbanismo del municipio.
- Solicitar el permiso de entrada de los vehículos a la estación de servicio, este trámite se puede hacer en la Dirección General de Carreteras, o en ocasiones en el Ayuntamiento.
- Presentar ante la Dirección General de Industria, el proyecto ya previamente formulado por un ingeniero o perito industrial, bajo las normativas de seguridad industrial.
¿Qué significa con bandera o sin bandera?
En todos los tiempos las banderas se han diseñado para identificar algo, en el caso de las gasolineras pasa lo mismo.
Una estación de servicio con bandera viene siendo la que está respaldada por una marca conocida, y que se diseñó y logo está expuesto al público como imagen principal de la estación de servicio. Por ejemplo si nuestro proveedor es Repsol, BP, CEPSA, adoptaremos las políticas, la publicidad, la fidelización y las ofertas que ellos establecen.
Normalmente para el inversor que tiene bandera, obtiene un precio más elevado por el combustible, ya que se paga el costo del líquido más la exclusividad de la marca. Esta exclusividad se hace bajo contrato que mantienen vigencia por un año y que después de este plazo se pueden prescindir de ellos.
Por el contrario una estación de servicio sin bandera es donde el dueño compra el combustible en el libre mercado. Al no pagar exclusividad de marca y negociar por cuenta propia con los proveedores, la gasolina resulta ser más barata.
¿Cuánto debo de invertir para tener una estación de servicio?
Esto resulta difícil de descifrar pero como profesionales que somos intentaremos dar la información más relevante. En principio depende del tamaño y las unidades de negocio que quieras anexar a tu gasolinera.
“La inversión por 400 metros cuadrado sería de unos 250.000 o 300.000 euros con un par de surtidores y una caseta. Si nos referimos a una gasolinera tradicional, con una tienda y empleados, que cuente con un espacio mínimo de 1.500 metros cuadrados, probablemente no baje del millón de euros, de hecho estará más cerca de los dos millones que de uno”
García Nebreda.
Las estaciones de servicio pueden ser de auto servicio, con empleados encargados de surtir la gasolina o mixtas. Además de esto se le pueden sumar un sin fin de unidades de negocio, como.
- Cafetería
- Restaurante
- Lavado de coches
- Lavado de mascotas
- Tienda de alimentos
- Máquinas expendedoras
- Puntos de carga de coches electricos
¿Cuánto dinero puede generar una estación de servicio?
Esto depende de lo antes mencionado, el tamaño del proyecto, la ubicación, la cantidad de personal, las unidades de negocio anexadas, el precio al cual se consigue el combustible.
Otro aspecto relevante son los impuestos municipales, que en cada comunidad autónoma pueden variar, el pago de Impuesto al Valor Agregado (IVA), y el Impuesto Especial sobre Hidrocarburos (IEH).
Sobre el IEH, puedes enterarte de su porcentaje, excepciones y devoluciones en el portal oficial que te dejamos «AQUI»
ABRIENDO HORIZONTES INVERSIONES se encarga de la compra y venta de todo tipo de empresas, nuestros asesores sirven como gestores y mediadores, y en este tema producto de la rentabilidad de las gasolineras tenemos una cartera de inversores interesados en la compraventa.
Si estás pensando vender tu gasolinera o quieres comprar una gasolinera.
CONTACTANOS
Venta compra de Gasolineras en España
Las gasolineras se adaptarán para los vehículos eléctricos
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